The Making of a Toilet Paper
1 Introduction
1-1 Why is everyone buying
toilet paper?
1-2 Why is toilet paper important?
Like baby
wipes, toilet tissue is a multifunction,
versatile cleaning aide. It is a household staple in cleaning material; that is
why it is imperative, especially to moms. It gives assurance and a secure
feeling of cleanliness after defecation, after sneezing, cleaning off dust,
picking up dirt, etc. Women use toilet paper for cleaning the perineal region
of urine after urination and other bodily fluid discharges. It also serves as a
layer of protection for the hands throughout the said processes. The
purpose of toilet paper extends to hygiene wipes, sanitizing wipes, and
disinfecting wet wipes with additional DIY wet
wipes solutions.
2- Toilet Paper History
2-1-1 What did people use before toilet paper?
Most regions around the world do not find toilet paper as a bathroom necessity.
They settle their cleaning business using soap and water. Before the use of
toilet paper, there are various ways people get-by in cleaning their
behinds. This is one good read just in case you are considering
joining The Survivor game and end up asking “Where can I find toilet paper?”
Before toilet tissue was discovered see the best toilet tissue alternatives you
might want to consider using:
•Bamboo sticks
In China, discovered a bamboo or wood stick on the ancient Silk Road. As they
call it, the hygiene stick has found human fecal and is carrying various intestinal
parasites after further study using a microscope.
•Tersorium or xylospongium
Romans used a stick with a sea sponge affix on one end called tersorium, which
looks like our modern toilet bowl scrub.
•Pessoi
Ancient Greeks used broken bits of ceramic called pessoi. They engrave the name
of their enemy in it before use.
•Grass, twigs, leaves, clamshells,
oysters, etc.
Native Americans were resourceful enough to have various alternatives to toilet
paper. They use twigs, dry grass, small stones, up to clamshells, or oysters.
•Snow
Inuits in the colder regions
use snow as cleansing material after defecation.
•Sand
Desert countries used a brick
to wipe their behinds. A handful of sand is also an alternative which I
believe will be your least favorite.
•Rope
Sailors use fixed rope that
dangles in the sea. It is also located in the part of the ship near the
toilet. After wiping, they drop it off back to the sea for cleaning.
•Newspaper
In the eighteen century, when
newspapers started, the new era of butt wiping also started. Almanac's
periodic table has been said to have holes so they can hang in the toilet.
Sears Catalog and Farmer's Almanac became the best toilet paper during this
century.
Research source: National Geographic, Bright
Side
2-2 How was toilet paper
invented?
2-3 Who invented toilet paper?
Although
people are starting to use paper at the beginning of the eighteen century for
cleaning up after defecation, it is said that the essential move towards the
production and distribution of modern toilet tissue paper came from a
Philadelphia teacher. She observed a mild cold epidemic in her classroom; she
blamed it that all students used the same cloth towel. She cut up paper into
squares to use her class as individual towels, a revolutionary idea. Arthur
Scott of Scott Paper Company learned that this teacher decided to sell the
paper's carload. He perforated the thick paper into small towel-size sheets and
sold them as disposable paper towels. In 1879, they debuted Scott Brand Tissue
and produced 1,000 sheets per roll at 10 cents per roll. And later, he renamed
the product Sani-Towel and sold them to hotels, restaurants, and railroad stations
for use in public washrooms.
In 1931, Scott launched
the first paper napkin for the kitchen and formed a whole new grocery section.
He made perforated rolls of "towels" thirteen inches wide and
eighteen inches long.
3- Why are people stocking toilet paper?
What is
the psychology behind why people are hoarding toilet paper?
If you think of
it, toilet paper doesn’t have any fighting ingredients against the CORONAVIRUS.
But why are people hoarding toilet paper?
A pandemic psychologist has identified the human response to the outbreak.
•Since the
COVID19 virus is new, and the result is still unidentified, it gives mixed
emotions to people. They tend to be more fearful, anxious, dependent, and
sentimental. The conflicting studies and rebuttal mark risk and uncertainty.
And the response is panic and extreme preparedness.
•When the
outbreak begins, people grab as much as they can before they imposed the
quarantine, and thus, the spread of hoarding affect others when seen in the
news or online post.
•Due to fear and
anxiety, people stocked up more than enough supplies and commodities, this
gives a feeling of preparedness and security for themselves and their families.
4- What are the materials in a
toilet paper
4-1 Where does toilet
paper come from?
4-2 What is FSC? How does
it regulates sustainability in toilet paper?
Toilet paper is made from
trees. Hardwood pulp and softwood pulp are combined to turn into toilet
paper. The tissue pulp in the US comes from the boreal forest of
Canada. Hardwood trees like a maple tree, gum, and oak tree have shorter
fibers while Douglas firs have long fibers. Because of the massive use of
toilet paper, many alternatives to wood-based fibers are currently being
studied and used like bamboo, wheat straw, sugar cane, and wood chips from the
lumber manufacturing company, this is regulated by FSC, an international
non-profit, multi-stakeholder organization that aides in regulating practices
that promote responsible forestry.
The Forest Stewardship Council
or FSC focuses on sustainable forestry. Their system includes a certified
chain of custody (CoC) that tracks the timber through every stage in the supply
chain from the forest to the final user. As one of several new standards
launched in September 2004, the FSC-STD 40-004 introduced two new categories –
“controlled wood” and “post-consumer reclaimed wood” which covers the control
of non-FSC accredited components, including verified post-consumer waste fiber.
Products with up to 100% verified post-consumer waste fiber are able to gain
FSC Recycled accreditation."
The raw materials in toilet paper are corrugated fiberboard, fiber crop
paper, China clay, chemical papyrus, hardwood pulp, and softwood pulp.
The raw materials are combined in ratio with water and other chemicals to
achieve product features like strength, softness, shade, brightness, and
thickness. And produce various features in tissue toilet paper like softest
toilet paper or ultra-soft toilet paper, colored toilet paper, reusable toilet
paper, black toilet paper, Donald trump toilet paper, commercial toilet paper,
funny toilet paper, peach toilet paper, pink toilet paper, septic safe toilet
paper, toilet paper blaster, etc.
Bamboo toilet paper, organic toilet paper, or biodegradable toilet paper are
engineered to be eco-friendly and septic tank safe.
4-4 Chemical in toilet tissue
paper
• Bleaching
Bleaching is used to convert wood into reusable
fiber
•De-inking chemical
It is also a bleaching agent such as sodium dithionite,
and hydrogen peroxide is typically added during the pulping step. This process
will destroy the colorants in inks and brightens the remaining paper pulp. It
is useful for recycled pulp intended to be used in quality graphic
papers. The de-inking chemical should not include alkylphenol
ethoxylates.
•Recycled toilet paper chemical
Some manufacturers whiten tissue paper by using
chemical ozone, oxygen, sodium hydroxide, or peroxide.
5- What is the production process of tissue paper?
The tissue paper manufacturing process only varies slightly from that of other papers. It goes through the same underlying pulping, pressing, and converting processes as regular paper, with minute changes. Below is the method of manufacturing tissue paper towels
5-1 Pulping
1. Bales of cut pulp are ground into fine flakes, which are then soaked and pulled-apart (retted). Paper pulp is generated from wood fiber or recycled materials.
2. It is dissolved and stir together into fine retted flakes in a mixer tank with a large quantity of water and other chemicals generate.
3. The manufacturer adds chemicals, such as while the wood pulp is still in the mixing tank, to soften, strengthen, or color the paper.
5-2 Pressing
1. The clean and ready pulp is then transferred over fast-moving belts made from highly porous materials driven over huge drums heated by steam. The pulp is poured uniformly and consistently across the width of the belt/drum. The water was removed from the pores, leaving just fibers on the belt in the form of a delicate fabric.
2. The tissue is then conveyed to Yankee on a massive heated roller. The heat of the Yankee makes the fabric dry almost instantly.
3. The tissue paper is then transferred onto a core to create a large diameter roll.
4. Adjust the draw speed of the roll can let you get a thicker or thinner tissue as per your goal.
5. The rolls are then put onto the converting machine.
5-3 Converting
1. The tissue is taken, and its plies are cut and passed through an embossing roller.
2. Embossing temper the toilet tissue and can be used to create decorative patterns.
3. The plies are removed and held together with glue. The tissue is then perforated, enabling the sheets to be easily pulled apart.
4. The tissue can then be made into either flat surfaces or wound around a cardboard tube to create a cylindrical roll.
5. Many different roll sizes and sheet counts are produced on the winding machines.
6. The large roll is fed into a doctoring system and cut by a large rotating doctor blade into individual rolls.
6- Consumer product of toilet paper
6-1 What are the five-leading brand of toilet paper online
Based on Business Insider, below are the five best toilet paper online:
• Charmin Ultra Strong Toilet Paper - 90 Regular rolls of toilet paper for the
price of $26.24 (38 cents per 100 sheets)
Features:
-2 ply Toilet paper
-Softest toilet paper
-Ultra-strong toilet paper
•Seventh Generation Unbleached Toilet Paper
-Regular rolls toilet paper (4 CT pack of 12 for the price of $55.71 (29 cents
per 100 sheets)
Features:
-2 ply Toilet paper
-Septic safe toilet paper
-Organic toilet paper
-Reusable toilet paper
-Eco-friendly toilet paper
• Scott 1000 Sheets Per Roll Toilet Paper 36
Rolls bath of toilet paper for the price of $22.78 (07 cents per 100 sheets)
Features:
-It can be used as camping toilet paper or
-Bath toilet paper
-Cheap toilet paper in terms of price per sheet
-Flushable wipes
• Cottonelle Ultra Comfortcare toilet paper –
24 rolls of toilet paper for the price of $25.18 (32 cents per 100 sheets),
also comes in jumbo toilet paper rolls
Features:
-A 2 ply Sustainable toilet paper that you can
use together with Cottonelle Flushable Wipes for a refreshing clean
-Flushable toilet paper
-Hypoallergenic toilet paper
-Septic safe toilet paper
• Quilted Northern Ultra
Plush Supreme Toilet Paper 18 CT / pack regular rolls of toilet paper for the
price of $17.48 (34 cents per 100 sheets)
Features:
-Super absorbent toilet paper
-Flushable toilet paper
-Quilted toilet paper
-Ultra-strong toilet paper
6-2 What are the
types of paper towels?
The five types of tissue papers are
Bathroom Tissue, Facial Tissue, Paper Towel, Paper Napkin, Specialty, and
Wrapping Tissue. A napkin, serviette, or face towelette is a rectangle of cloth
used at the table for wiping the mouth and fingers while eating. It is usually
small and sometimes folded in intricate designs and shapes.
6-3
Toilet wipes vs. Baby Wipes, or Sanitizing wipes, or Antibacterial wipes
The use of toilet paper is enough for cleaning
and wiping out dirt before the COVID19 outbreak. It is also more suitable to
flush and can easily break or degrade. However, some people prefer baby wipes
to toilet paper because they feel cleaner and is recommended for sensitive skin
as they do not cause irritation or leave behind lint. Medical experts advise
sanitizing wipes and antibacterial wipes to kill 99.9% of germs and viruses.
Baby disinfectant wipes contain only water or a
trace of alcohol. Disinfectant wipes contain higher alcohol content for the
best disinfecting result, which toilet paper does not have. That is the reason
why wet wipes are more expensive than toilet paper.
6-4 Toilet Wet Wipes (DIY
Sanitizing Wipes and Disinfecting Wipes)
The raw materials in wet wipes (cotton fiber,
viscose, and polyester) are almost similar to toilet wipes. You can use
toilet paper for making DIY sanitizing wipes or disinfecting wipes.
Ingredients in making hygiene wipes:
Roll of tissue toilet paper
2 cups of distilled water
1 tbs baby wash
1 tbs baby oil
5-10 drops of Tea Tree Oil or Aloe Oil
Reusable canister of wet wipes
First, cut tissue toilet paper based on the
size of the canister wet wipes. Then in a separate container, mix
and blend all ingredients well and then pour inside your canister; close the
lid and shake well. Let it sit for 5mins to allow the towel to absorb the
liquid solution fully. You can replace the distilled water and baby wash
with alcohol liquid to produce a disinfecting wet wipes solution.
7- Where to buy toilet paper?
It is more convenient to buy toilet paper
online, if your brand of toilet paper is out of stock, you can choose and
decide from various others. Look for the brands that are FSC
certified like All
Clean Natural China, Kimberly-Clark, and Scott.
Here are the most popular toilet online selling stores:
Amazon
All Clean Natural
China
All Clean Natural (Canada)
Target
Wet Ones
Best Buy
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